Heating apparatus



1 1,631,469 June 7 921 E. P. CHASE HEATING APPARATUS FOR VEHICLES Filed sept. s, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 2 FIGURE N9 E Patented June 7, 1927.

EUGENE P. CHASE, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HEATING APPARATUS FR VEHICLES.

Application filed September 5, 1925. Serial No. 54,7114.

This invention is designedV to improve the heating apparatus for vehicles, such as railway coaches and street cars. `With such devices it is desirable for convenience ot construction to locate the heating member, steam or electric, near the side walls of the vehicle. In doingI this it has been necessary, or at least desirable, to insulate the heating member from the side Wall to avoid the serious heat losses that would otherwise result and for this purpose asbestos and various air cell insulators have been used. VThe materials of such insulation usually del teriorate largely due to the vibration of the vehicle and are also objectionally bulky and in the emort to give a suiiicient insulation in the limited space usually available the insulating material may be carried so nearly adjacent to the heating element asr to reduce to a considerable extent the effectiveness ofthe radiating surface of the heating element causing excessive `temperatures of the heating element and a consequent reduction in the life of the same.

I have improved the heat insulation for these devices Vby interposing between the heating member and the wall of the vehicle subjected to the colder temperature a series of passages separated by suitable material, such as metal plates, the passages opening to the vehicle aboveand below the heating member, This construction permits the entire radiating surface of the heating member to be made effective both formore etti? ciently heating the car, and for holding the heating element below destructive temperatures, through the ability of the construction to provide suflicient space on all sides of the heating member, and to eliminate the use of insulating material adjacent to the heating element. The heat taken up by the plate nearest the heating member is dissi pated and heats the air in the nearest passage to the heating member thus causing a circulation through the `passage so dissipating the heat given off bythe plate. The higher temperature of the air in the passage communicates heat to some extent to the next adjacentplate and from it to the air in the next adjacent passage, thus creatf ing a circulation in the second passage butv of less velocity than in the lirst passage. A sufficient number of passages is preferably provided to approximately neutralize the flow of air through the passage adjacent to the outer Wall of the vehicle. In this Way the loss of heat through the side wall oi' the vehicle isvery largely obviated and in a comprnj-atirely small space and with rahle constructitm. i'eatm' ldc A.. the invention will appear from me specilication und claims. 'p

The invention illustrated in the accomspanying drawings as iollows Figure No, l. shows a perspective view olf heating unit arranged in the space between the outer and inner Awall plates oit the vehicle.

Figure No. 2 shows an alternative conn struction oi a heating unit arranged within the inner plate otthe side wall.

in the construction shown in iiigun; No. l, i marks the inner plate oi" the side wall ot the vehicle and lli the outer plate. An opening C is arranged through the inner plate covered with the usual grating. ik heating member D, whichV may be electric or steam, is arranged immediately back of the opening Gand provided with an immediate circulating. and radiating space E-E-E A plate G'- is arranged innnediately back `of this space, this plate being curved so that itsmiront edges above and below the member i.) are flush with the face of the opening C and asecond plate G oi similar torni arranged back of the plate G forming a passage F opening above and below the member D through the opening C. A third plate G is arranged back oit the plate G and is formed similarly to the plate G except that its ends are flanged so as to extend along the plate and a passage F is formed between the plate G and Gr similar to the passage F, this passage opeir ing through the opening C. The plate G is preferably spaced somevvluit within the plate B so that a dead air kspace formed between the wall plates E and A is afforded between the plate G and tie outer plate i3,

In the operation of this apparatus there is a local circulation immediately around the heating member D passing into the opening C, at the bottom, and out ol the opening C at the top. This affects a heat transter o1 comparatively high temperature tothe pate G by reason of its close proximity to the heating member. the passage causes a circulation in the pas* sage F, lthe velocity of this circulation de-v pending on the intensity of the heat of the plate G and the comparative temperature assumed by the air in the passage. This This heating the air inl (i il back of the opening C moving air, bringing in as it does the cooler air from the vehicle, dissipates the heat from the plate giving up some et' the heat so taken up to the plate G. This again heats the air in the passage It" and causes circulation in this passage corresponding to the temperature which the air assumes. Obviously the temperature ot' the air in the passage F will be considerably less than that of the passage F and the number of passages is such as to very largely neutralize the heat losses through the outer plate on the outer passage, in the structure under consideration the plate G at the outside of -the passage F. In this way the total heat losses due to faulty insulation can be very much re duced, the radiating space and effectiveness oi. the heating member increased and such materials may be used in its construction as will readily endure the shocks and Vibrations to which it is subjected in ordinary use.

In the construction shown in Figure No. 2 the heating unit is designed to be placed entirely within the side walls, that is, within the inner plate A. This is formed with a projecting plate A forming the top of the unit. the plate being stepped down forming the openings a. and a. The usual opening C is Jformed in the face of the unit and the heating element D is arranged immediately and is arranged within the space E-E-E. A plate G2 is arranged back of the heating member D and is curved forward to the opening C. Immediately to the rear of the plate G2 is a plate G" extending downwardly from the top- A and in front of the inner plate A. A passage F2 is arranged between the plates G2 and G3, this passage opening to the lower part of the space E and opening to the Vehicle through the openings a in the plate A. A simil-ar passage F is arranged between plates G3 and A., opening to the lower part of space E and opening to the vehicle through the openings a in plate A. The general Scheme of operation in this device is the same as that shown in Fig. l.

IVhat I claim as new is l. In a heating apparatus for vehicles, the combination of a vehicle wall; a heating member adjacent to the wall; and means forming a plurality ot air circulating and heat insulating passages between the member and the wall, said passages being open to the vehicle above and below the member.

2. In a heating apparatus vfor Vehicles, the combination ot' a Vehicle wall; a heating member adjacent to the wall; means forming a plurality ot air circulating and heat insulating passages between the member and theA wall, said passages abeing open to the Vehicle above and below the member; and

igesifiee means forming a dead air space between the outer passage and the wall.

3. In a heating apparatus for vehicles, the combination ot al vehicle wall; a heating unit next to the wall comprising a heating member; and a casing for the member open at the front and having a series oil separate air circulating and heat insulating passages between the member and the wall open to the vehicle above' and below the member.

a. In a heating apparatus tor vehicles7 the combination ot a rehicie wall; a heating unit next to the wall comprising a heating niember; anda casing 4for the member open at the Yfront and having a series ot separate air circulating and heat linsulating passages between the member and the wall open to the Vehicle above and below the member, the opening to the vehicle above 'the member being in front of the member.

5. In a heating apparatus for vehicles7 the combination ot a vehicle wall; a heating unit next to `the wall comprising a heating member; and a casing for the member open at the front and haring a series ot separate air circulating and heat insulating passages between the member and the wall open to the vehicle above and below the member, the

openings ot the passages to the vehicle at both the top and bottom being in iront of the member.

(i. In a heating apparatus vlor vehicles., the combination of a vehicle wall having an outer and inner wall plate; a heating unit arranged in the space between the plates comprising a heating member communicating through an opening in the inner plate with the vehicle; and means forming a series of air circulating and heat insulating passages between the heating unit and the outer plate ot the wall, said passages opening to the vehicle above and below the heating member.

7. In a heating apparatus for vehicles, the combination ot a vehicle wall having an outer and inner wall plate 5' a heating unit arranged in the space between the plates comprising a heating member communicating through an opening in the inner plate with the vehicle; means forming a series oit air circulating and heat insulating passages between the heating unit and the outer plate of the wall9 said passages opening to the vehicle above and below the heating inember; and means forming a dead air space between the outer wall plate and the outer passage.

In testimony whereot1 I have hereunto set my hand.`

EUGENE P. CHASE.

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